The European AI Brain Drain: Why the World’s Top Experts are Leaving
Superthread founder David Hasovic explores why European AI experts like Mira Murati and Ilya Sutskever are building American giants, and how energy costs are killing European tech.
Nov 20, 2025
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David Hasovic
The European DNA of American AI
There is a lot of negativity surrounding European tech founders moving to the U.S., but let’s look at the receipts. If you look at the people who actually built the current AI revolution, they are overwhelmingly European:
Mira Murati: (Albanian) Former CTO at OpenAI.
Ilya Sutskever: (European-born) The Chief Scientist who realized that the Transformer approach would work if fed enough data.
Mustafa Suleiman: (British) Co-founder of DeepMind and now Head of AI at Microsoft.
Demis Hassabis: (British) Head of Google DeepMind, the team behind AlphaFold and real breakthroughs in protein folding.
Geoffrey Hinton: (British-Canadian) The 'Godfather of AI' who made Transformers a reality.
These are the minds that built the foundations of our modern world, yet they are doing it under the banners of American giants. Why?
The Risk Gap and the Energy Crisis
The standard answer is that Americans are more willing to take financial risks. While that’s true, I believe there is a more fundamental, physical problem: Energy.
AI requires massive server farms, and server farms require cheap, abundant power. Currently, Europe is losing that battle:
1. The Cost of Power
The UK and Germany have some of the highest commercial energy costs in the world. You cannot build a competitive AI industry when your 'fuel' costs five times more than your competitor's.
2. The Nuclear Timeline
Nuclear energy is a great long-term solution, but using current designs, it takes decades to build a station. If we wait for a new nuclear fleet, the Americans (and the Chinese) will already own the entire AI landscape. It will be too late.
3. The Fracking Taboo
America achieved energy independence and cheap power through shale gas and fracking. In the UK and parts of Europe, we have enormous shale gas reserves, yet we refuse to touch them.
'Until we have cheap energy, we cannot build the server farms necessary to keep our best minds here. We are essentially exporting our greatest talent because we refuse to lower their overhead.'
How We Reclaim the Future
If we want to stop the brain drain and start bringing AI companies back to Europe, we have to get realistic about energy policy. We need to follow the American blueprint for cheap, localized energy production so we can sustain the infrastructure that AI requires.
Until that happens, the most brilliant European minds will continue to settle in America, and American companies will continue to be the sole beneficiaries of European genius.
Building a global company from Europe is hard. We’re doing it anyway.
At Superthread, we’re proud of our European roots and our remote-first, global team. We’re building a tool that’s fast enough to keep up with the best minds in the world, wherever they are. Sign up for Superthread for free.
